Multiple forces interact to determine a child; strengths and shortcomngs. Parents are in a pretty good position to influence most - but not all - of these forces. There are 7 factors or forces which could determine the profile of a child's mind.
Genetic factors.
Family life and stress level.
Cultural values.
Influence of Peers.
Health.
Emotions.
Educational experience.
Genetic Factors Many strengths and weaknesses appear to be inherited - either completely or in part.
I think it is quite normal for us sometimes to exclaimed that "I had trouble with the same things he did!". For example uneligible handwriting, if your handwriting only eligible to yourself, it could be passed to one of your off-spring. So, you children need to know this problem. It is much easier for them to know that they had inherited this from you or your parents and they had done their level best to live with it, just as long as the weighty influence of genetic factors do not prevent us from working on our weak spots, especially if we decide they're worth working on.
Family Life and Stress Level
Billy's family has been so overwhelmed with financial, marital, and other domestic problems that his mother has not been able to help him with his schoolwork. She complains, "I have all I can do to get by, to earn some money, to keep our place looking decent, to feed the kids the right food, and to make sure the dogs get some exercise." She herself have a hard time in school and never got through ninth grade. Billy has not interest in school and derive little if any postive feeling from learning. Clearly when families feel as if they are buried beneath the stresses and strains of daily existence, it may be hard to foster a stimulating intellectual life through shared experiences and high-level discussions at the dinner table regarding current events.
Cassandra's is a very different story. Cassie has a mother who is a dermatologist and a father who's a trial judge. At home there are frequent discussions about the world of ideas. Both parents love to read. They value their intellectual life and share it abundantly with their only daughter. They have infected their daughter with intellectual curiosity. Cassies excels academically and has an unquenchable thirst for a new knowledge. Contrast her with Billy.
Socioeconomic realities exert powerful influences on a child's development. Poverty has its risks, as does being overprivileged and overindulged. The neighbourhood, the community, and local resources of many different kinds impinge upon mind's eveolving strengths and deficits.
Cultural Values
Suzie comes from a family recently emigrated from Hong Kong. Her family has always had a powerful work ethic dating back generations. All of her Chinese friends share the same background, one that takes education seriously. Suzie comes home from school and works for four to six hours without a break. She assumes that this is the way people are, even though her classmates are out playing volleyball and planning weekend's parties. Suzie's neurodevelopmental capacities keeps on getting stretched, perhaps even stretched to the limit. She has developed extraordinary powers of concentration and can exert mental effort whenever she needs to. Her theacher has marveled at Suzie's tenacity, as he comments, "This girl is the ultimate plugger. She wont give up ever until what she has produced is of the highest quality no matter how long it takes her." Her flawless honour grades testify to this.
A student's cultural background may help determined which neurodevelopmental strength gets stronger and which one does not. In some cultural settings athletic prowess is considered valuable; in others sports are deemed trivial pastimes. Whether or not a teenager reads novels, does crossword puzzles, repairs jeeps, attends Italian opera, engages in household chores, or hunts white-tailed deer vividly reflects the culture in which he or she is growing up. These activities, in turn profoundly influence a child's profile of strengths and weaknesses.
Influence of Peers
Friends play a dominant role in shaping the brains of their friends. Children who have no intellectual interests become negative role models for one another. Learning and succeeding in school may be perceived as some kind of social taboo. On the other, there was one boy, aged thirteen year old from New York, whose friends and he have a strong interest in politics. They worked on a local campaign last summer and are incessantly talking politics, discussing editorials in the New York TImes, and debating raging political issues. In the meantime, they are developing extraordinary language, critical thinking, and reading ability, bolstering their minds profiles. Their parents are in awe of these boys and girls. One mother confessed, "Half the time I dont even understand what they're talking about, but it sure sounds impressive - and a little intimidating. I love listening to them. I'm proud of them all. I think they are becoming the leaders of the future. They are really lucky to have each other and we paretns are so fortunate to have them as our children."
Health
Deanna suffered a viral meningitis when she was 14 months old. Following her illness she developed a seizure disorder, one that has been difficult to control ever since. She is delayed in reading and math. There is a strong suspicion that her medical history played a role in weakening certain neurodevelopmental functions inportant for acquitting basic skills. Deanna has noticeable gaps in language function and in certain parts of her memory, and she becomes frustrated in school. Her older sister, Beth, worries about her all the time. Dr. Mel wrote that Beth always accompanies Deanna when she comes to see him in the office. Beth informed Dr. Mel once, "Deanna really feels dumb. Between her seizures and her trouble at school she feels like she just cant do anything right. I feel so bad for her."
Numerous medical factors either foster or impede brain development during the school years. Nutrition, certain illnesses, and physical trauma all may play a role in the shaping of a profile.
Emotions
Geraldine has been depressed all year. Her paretns got a divorce, she broke up with her boyfriend, and her grandmother dided last summer. Her parents feel guilty, as they worry the have damaged their daughter permanently. Geraldine feels sad much of every day. She's lost interest in school, her grades show it.
Students with anxiety or depressed feelings often lose all interest and become inhibited about performing in school, which they begin to stunt their academic and neurodevelopmental growth.
Geraldine has closed her mind to new learning during a period of school in which kids ordinarily develop their ability to absorp and think about highly abstract terms. If her mind stay absent from school, this important growth spurt in higher-order thinking may fail to take place.
Emotions and neurodevelopmental functions are like two-way street. Emotional problems may weaken the functions and weakened functions can cause emotional turmoil.
Educational Experience
Arturo had been in first and second grade classrooms in which there were 42 students with one teacher and only occasional aide. His parents are utterly frustrated. His mom complaine, "Arturo is lost, totally lost in that school. He's the kind of kid who doesnt make trouble for anyone but you might not even notice he's around. And he'll never ask for help. He pretends he does understand when he doesnt get it half the time. But the school's so big; that they dont see that he's getting nowhere. I'm so nervous about him." Arturo's reading instruction was inadequate, and he fell further and further behind in math as well. Now in sixth grade he remains seriously delayed, lost his drive, having given up on himself. He is starting to get some individualized help, which is just beginning to make a difference in his performance and his self-esteem.
The quality of a child's teaching most certainly affects his or her mind profile. In fact, recent studies using sophisticated brain scans have shown vividly that good instruction an actually result in postive changes in brain structure. It is possible to see increases in brain tissue when parts of the brain get properly stimulated after having been neglected. Also, a child's educational track record profoundly affects motivation, as kids like Arturo, who have failed over and over again in the past, may be sapped of motivation and sink even further into failure. Success, on the other hand, has away of breeding more success.
Having read this, I am sure that we know most of the school in Malaysia are facing the last pointer - there are simply too many students in a class. And the case described in Arturo's story is a very classic one; my own daughters are having the same problem, that is why we are taking measures to help them at home especially with their maths. I hope these information will help us to monitor our children neurodevelopmental growth and we could detect early in case something went wrong.